Activate the yeast (only if using active dry yeast): In a medium bowl, combine 2¼ teaspoons active dry yeast, 2 tablespoons sugar, and 1 cup warm water. Stir and let sit for 5-10 minutes until foamy. (Skip if using instant yeast.)
Dry ingredients: In a large bowl or stand mixer, whisk together 3½ cups bread flour and 1 teaspoon kosher salt (or ½ teaspoon table salt). If using instant yeast, add it now.
Wet ingredients: Add 1 egg, ¼ cup condensed milk, and 2 tablespoons neutral oil to the yeast mixture. Mix until smooth. If using instant yeast, add 1 cup water and 2 tablespoon sugar here.
Combine dry and wet Ingredients: Pour the wet ingredients into the flour mixture. Mix until a sticky dough forms.
Knead the dough: If using a stand mixer, knead on medium speed for 12-15 minutes. The dough will start sticky but will eventually form a smooth, stretchy ball. When it pulls away from the sides of the bowl, it's ready.If kneading by hand, place the dough on a floured surface and knead for 20-25 minutes until smooth and stretchy. Add a little flour if the dough gets too sticky. The windowpane test: Take a small piece of dough and gently stretch it. If it stretches without tearing and you can see light through it, the dough is ready.If it tears, knead the dough more. If it’s tough and hard to stretch, it’s over-kneaded. Let it rest for 30 minutes to relax and make shaping easier. First rise (Proof the dough): Form the dough into a ball and place it in a bowl lightly coated with oil so it doesn't stick. Cover and set it in a warm, draft-free spot. Let it rise for 1-2 hours, or until it doubles in size.
Divide into portions and add the filling: Press the dough to release air bubbles. Divide into two equal parts and roll each into a log. Cut each log into 8 pieces.Flatten each piece into a 4-inch circle, making the center thicker than the edges. Add 1 tablespoon of grated cheese and 1 tablespoon of ube jam in the center of each circle. Shape the pandesal: Fold the edges over the filling and pinch to seal. Turn it so the sealed side is on the bottom. Smooth the dough with a circular motion. Roll each piece in breadcrumbs.
Second rise (Proof the dough): Arrange them on a baking sheet with parchment paper, leaving space between them so they can expand. Cover with a clean towel or plastic wrap to keep them from drying out. Let them rise for 30-45 minutes, or until they’re puffy.
Bake: Preheat your oven to 400°F (205°C). Once it’s heated, bake for 5 minutes. Then, lower the temperature to 350°F (175°C) and bake for another 15-17 minutes, or until golden brown.